1) What is HTML?
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. It is a
language of World Wide Web. It is a standard text formatting language which is
used to create and display pages on the Web
2) What are Tags?
HTML tags are composed of three things: opening
tag, content and ending tag. Some tags are unclosed tags.
HTML documents are made of two things:
- content,
and
- tags
Content is placed between tags to display data on
the web page.
3) Do all HTML tags
have end tag?
No. There are some HTML tags that don't need a
closing tag. For example: <image> tag, <br> tag.
4) What are some
common lists that are used when designing a page?
There are many common lists which are used to
design a page. You can choose any or a combination of the following list types:
- Ordered
list
- Unordered
list
- Menu
list
- Directory
list
- Definition list
5) What is the
difference between HTML elements and tags?
HTML elements communicate to the browser to render
text. When the elements are surrounded by brackets <>, they form HTML
tags. Most of the time, tags come in pair and surround content.
6) What is semantic
HTML?
Semantic HTML is a coding style. It is the use of
HTML markup to reinforce the semantics or meaning of the content. For example:
In semantic HTML <b> </b> tag is not used for bold statement as
well as <i> </i> tag is used for italic. Instead of these we use
<strong></strong> and <em></em> tags.
7) What is image
map?
Image map facilitates you link many different web
pages using a single image. You can define shapes in images that you want to
make part of an image mapping.
8) How to insert a
copyright symbol on a browser page?
can insert a copyright symbol by using ©
or © in an HTML file.
9) How do you keep
list elements straight in an HTML file?
You can keep the list elements straight by using
indents.
10) Does a
hyperlink only apply to text?
No, you can use hyperlinks on text and images
both
11) What is a style
sheet?
A style sheet is used to build a consistent,
transportable, and well designed style template. You can add these templates on
several different web pages.
12) Can you create
a multi colored text on a web page?
Yes. To create a multicolor text on a web page you
can use <font color ="color"> </font> for the specific
texts you want to color.
13) Is it possible
to change the color of the bullet?
The color of the bullet is always the color of the
first text of the list. So, if you want to change the color of the bullet, you
must change the color of the text.
14) What is a
marquee?
Marquee is used to put the scrolling text on a web page.
You should put the text which you want to scroll within the
<marquee>......</marquee> tag.
15) How many tags
can be used to separate section of texts?
There are three tags used to separate the texts.
i.e. usually <br> tag is used to separate line of texts. Other tags
are<p> tag and <blockquote> tag.
16) How to make a
picture a background image of a web page?
To make a picture a background image on a web page,
you should put the following tag code after the </head> tag.
1.
<body background = "image.gif">
Here, replace the "image.gif" with the
name of your image file which you want to display on your web page.
17) What are empty
elements?
HTML elements with no content are called empty
elements. For example: <br>, <hr> etc.
18) What is the use
of span tag? Give one example.
The span tag is used for following things:
- For
adding color on text
- For
adding background on text
- Highlight
any color text etc.
Example:
1. <p>
2. <span style="color:#ffffff;">
3. In this page we use span.
4. </span>
5.
</p>
19) What is the use
of iframe tag?
An iframe is used to display a web page within a
web page.
Syntax:
1.
<iframe src="URL"></iframe>
Example:
1.
<iframe src="demo_iframe.html" width="200px" height="200px"></iframe>
Target to a link:
1.
<iframe src="http://www.javatpoint.com" name="iframe_a"></iframe>
20) What is canvas
in HTML5?
Canvas is an HTML area which is used to draw
graphics.
21) What is SVG?
HTML SVG is used to describe the two dimensional
vector and vector/raster graphics.
22) What are the
different new form element types in HTML 5?
Following is a list of 10 important new elements in
HTML 5:
- Color
- Date
- Datetime-local
- Email
- Time
- Url
- Range
- Telephone
- Number
- Search
23) Is there any
need to change the web browsers to support HTML5?
No. Almost all browsers (updated versions) support
HTML 5. For example: Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Safari, IE etc.
24) Which video
formats are supported by HTML5?
HTML 5 supports three types of video format:
- mp4
- webm
- ogg
25) Is audio tag
supported in HTML 5?
Yes. It is used to add sound or music files on the
web page.
26) What is the
difference between progress and meter tag?
The progress tag is used to represent the progress
of the task only while the meter tag is used to measure data within a given
range.
27) What is the use
of figure tag in HTML 5?
The figure tag is used to add a photo in the
document on the web page.
28) What is button
tag?
The button tag is used in HTML 5. It is used to
create a clickable button within HTML form on the web page. It is generally
used to create a "submit" or "reset" button.
29) What does
details and summary tag?
The details tag is used to specify some additional
details on the web page. It can be viewed or hidden on demand. The summary tag
is used with details tag.
30) What is
datalist tag?
The HTML 5 datalist tag provides an auto complete
feature on form element. It facilitates users to choose the predefined
options.
31) How tags are
migrated from HTML4 to HTML5?
No.
|
Typical HTML4
|
Typical HTML5
|
1)
|
<div id="header">
|
<header>
|
2)
|
<div id="menu">
|
<nav>
|
3)
|
<div id="content">
|
<section>
|
4)
|
<div id="post">
|
<article>
|
5)
|
<div id="footer">
|
<footer>
|
Header and Footer
Example
HTML 4 Header and Footer:
1. <div id="header">
2. <h1>Monday Times</h1>
3. </div>
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. <div id="footer">
8. <p>© JavaTpoint. All rights reserved.</p>
9.
</div>
HTML 5 Header and Footer:
1. <header>
2. <h1>Monday Times</h1>
3. </header>
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. <footer>
8. <p>© JavaTpoint. All rights reserved.</p>
9.
</footer>
Menu Example
HTML 4 Menu:
1. <div id="menu">
2. <ul>
3. <li>News</li>
4. <li>Sports</li>
5. <li>Weather</li>
6. </ul>
7.
</div>
HTML 5 Menu:
1. <nav>
2. <ul>
3. <li>News</li>
4. <li>Sports</li>
5. <li>Weather</li>
6. </ul>
7.
</nav>
32) If I do not put
<!DOCTYPE html> will HTML 5 work?
No, browser will not be able to identify that it is
a HTML document and HTML 5 tags will not function properly.
33) What is the use
of required attribute in HTML5?
It forces user to fill text on textfield or
textarea before submitting form. It is used for form validation.
Example:
1.
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required>
34) What are the
new <input> types for form validation in HTML5?
The new input types for form validation are email,
url, number, tel and date.
Example:
1.
<input type="email">
Few More HTML - HR INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
1) Do
all HTML tags come in pair?
No, there are single HTML tags that does not need a
closing tag. Examples are the <img> tag and <br> tags.
2) Do all character entities display properly on all
systems?
No, there are some character entities
that cannot be displayed when the operating
system that the browser is running on does not support the characters.
When that happens, these characters are displayed as boxes.
3) What is image map?
Image map lets you link to many different web pages
using a single image. You can define shapes in images that you want to make
part of an image mapping.
4) What is the
advantage of collapsing white space?
White spaces are blank sequence of space
characters, which is actually treated as a single space character in html.
Because the browser collapses multiple space into a single space, you can
indent lines of text without worrying about multiple spaces. This enables you to
organize the html code into a much more readable format.
5) Can
attribute values be set to anything or are there specific values that they
accept?
Some attribute values can be set to only predefined
values. Other attributes can accept any numerical value that represents the
number of pixels for a size.
10) How do you
insert a copyright symbol on a browser page?
To insert the copyright symbol, you need to type
© or & #169; in an HTML file.
11) How do you
create links to sections within the same page?
Links can be created using the <a> tag, with
referencing through the use of the number (#) symbol. For example, you can have
one line as <a href=”#topmost”>BACK TO TOP</a>, which would result
in the words “BACK TO TOP” appearing on the webpage and links to a bookmark
named topmost. You then create a separate tag command like <a
name=”topmost”> somewhere on the top of the same webpage so that the user
will be linked to that spot when he clicked on “BACK TO TOP”.
12) Is there any
way to keep list elements straight in an html file?
By using indents, you can keep the list elements
straight. If you indent each subnested list in further than the parent list
that contains it, you can at a glance determine the various lists and the
elements that it contains.
13) If you see a
web address on a magazine, to which web page does it point?
Every web page on the web can have a separate web
address. Most of these addresses are relative to the top-most web page. The
published web address that appears within magazines typically points this
top-most page. From this top level page, you can access all other pages within
the web site.
14) What is the use
of using alternative text in image mapping?
When you use image maps, it can easily become
confusing and difficult to determine which hotspots corresponds with which
links. Using alternative text lets you put a descriptive text on each hotspot
link.
15) Do older html
files work on newer browsers?
Yes, older html files are compliant to the HTML
standard. Most older files work on the newer browsers, though some features may
not work.
16) Does a
hyperlink apply to text only?
No, hyperlinks can be used on text as well as
images. That means you can convert an image into a link that will allow user to
link to another page when clicked. Just surround the image within the <a
href=” “>…</a> tag combinations.
17) If the user’s
operating system does not support the needed character, how can the symbol be
represented?
In cases wherein their operating system does not
support a particular character, it is still possible to display that character
by showing it as an image instead.
18) How do you
change the number type in the middle of a list?
The <li> tag includes two attributes – type
and value. The type attribute can be used to change the numbering type for any
list item. The value attribute can change the number index.
19) What are style
sheets?
Style sheets enable you to build consistent,
transportable, and well-defined style templates. These templates can be linked
to several different web pages, making it easy to maintain and change the look
and feel of all the web pages within a site.
20) What bullet
types are available?
With ordered lists, you can select to use a number
of different list types including alphabetical and Roman numerals. The type
attribute for unordered lists can be set to disc, square, or circle.
21) How do you
create multicolored text in a webpage?
To create text with different colors, use the
<font color=”color”>…</font> tags for every character that you want
to apply a color. You can use this tag combination as many times as needed,
surrounding a single character or an entire word.
22) Why are there
both numerical and named character entity values?
The numerical values are taken from the ASCII
values for the various characters, but these can be difficult to remember.
Because of this, named character entity values were created to make it easier
for web page designers to use.
24) What is the
advantage of grouping several checkboxes together?
Although checkboxes don’t affect one another,
grouping checkboxes together helps to organize them. Checkbox buttons can have
their own name and do not need to belong to a group. A single web page can have
many different groups of checkboxes.
25) What will
happen if you overlap sets of tags?
If two sets of html tags are overlapped, only the
first tag will be recognized. You will recognize this problem when the text
does not display properly on the browser screen.
26) What are
applets?
Applets are small programs that can be embedded
within web pages to perform some specific functionality, such as computations,
animations, and information processing. Applets are written using the Java
language.
27) What if there
is no text between the tags or if a text was omitted by mistake? Will it affect
the display of the html file?
If there is no text between the tags, then there is
nothing to format, so no formatting will appear. Some tags, especially tags
without a closing tag like the <img> tag, do not require any text between
them.
28) Is it possible
to set specific colors for table borders?
You can specify a border color using style sheets,
but the colors for a table that does not use style sheets will be the same as
the text color.
29) How do you
create a link that will connect to another web page when clicked?
To create hyperlinks, or links that connect to
another web page, use the href tag. The general format for this is: <a
href=”site”>text</a>
Replace “site” with the actual page url that is supposed to be linked to when the text is clicked.
Replace “site” with the actual page url that is supposed to be linked to when the text is clicked.
30) What other ways
can be used to align images and wrap text?
Tables can be used to position text and images.
Another useful way to wrap text around an image is to use style sheets.
31) Can a single
text link point to two different web pages?
No. The <a> tag can accept only a single href
attribute, and it can point to only a single web page.
32) What is the
difference between the directory and menu lists and the unordered list?
The key differences is that the directory and menu
lists do not include attributes for changing the bullet style.
33) Can you change
the color of bullets?
The bullet color is always the same as that of the
first character in the list litem. If you surround the <li> and the first
character with a set of <font> tags with the color attribute set, the
bullet color and the first character will be a different color from the text.
34) What are the
limits of the text field size?
The default size for a text field is around 13
characters, but if you include the size attribute, you can set the size value
to be as low as 1. The maximum size value will be determined by the browser
width. If the size attribute is set to 0, the size will be set to the default
size of 13 characters.
35) Do <th>
tags always need to come at the start of a row or column?
Any <tr> tag can be changed to a <th>
tag. This causes the text contained within the <th> tag to be displayed
as bold in the browser. Although <th> tags are mainly used for headings,
they do not need to be used exclusively for headings.
36) What is the
relationship between the border and rule attributes?
Default cell borders, with a thickness of 1 pixel,
are automatically added between cells if the border attribute is set to a
nonzero value. Likewise, If the border attribute is not included, a default
1-pixel border appears if the rules attribute is added to the <table>
tag.
37) What is a
marquee?
A marquee allows you to put a scrolling text in a
web page. To do this, place whatever text you want to appear scrolling within
the <marquee> and </marquee> tags.
38) How do you
create a text on a webpage that will allow you to send an email when clicked?
To change a text into a clickable link to send
email, use the mailto command within the href tag. The format is as follows:
1
|
<A
HREF=”mailto:youremailaddress”>text to be
clicked</A>
|
39) Are <br>
tags the only way to separate sections of text?
No. The <br> tag is only one way to separate
lines of text. Other tags, like the <p> tag and <blockquote> tag,
also separate sections of text.
40) Are there
instances where text will appear outside of the browser?
By default, the text is wrapped to appear within the
browser window. However, if the text is part of a table cell with a defined
width, the text could extend beyond the browser window.
41) How are active
links different from normal links?
The default color for normal and active links is
blue. Some browsers recognize an active link when the mouse cursor is placed
over that link; others recognize active links when the link has the focus.
Those that don’t have a mouse cursor over that link is considered a normal
link.
42) Do style sheets
limit the number of new style definitions that can be included within the
brackets?
Style sheets do not limit the number of style
definitions that can be included within the brackets for a given selector.
Every new style definition, however, must be separated from the others by a
semicolon symbol.
43) Can I specify
fractional weight values such as 670 or 973 for font weight?
Implementation largely depends on the browser, but
the standard does not support fractional weight values. Acceptable values must
end with two zeroes.
44) What is the
hierarchy that is being followed when it comes to style sheets?
If a single selector includes three different style
definitions, the definition that is closest to the actual tag takes precedence.
Inline style takes priority over embedded style sheets, which takes priority
over external style sheets.
45) Can several
selectors with class names be grouped together?
You can define several selectors with the same
style definition by separating them with commas. This same technique also works
for selectors with class names.
46) What happens if
you open the external CSS file in a browser?
If you try to open the external CSS file in a
browser, the browser cannot open the file, because the file has a different
extension. The only way to use an external CSS file is to reference it using
<link/> tag within another html document.
47) How do you make
a picture into a background image of a web page?
To do this, place a tag code after the
</head> tag as follows:
1
|
<body
background = “image.gif”>
|
Replace image.gif with the name of your image file.
This will take the picture and make it the background image of your web page.
48) What happens if
the list-style-type property is used on a non-list element like a paragraph?
If the list-style-type property is used on a
non-list element like a paragraph, the property will be ignored and have no
effect on the paragraph.
49) When is it
appropriate to use frames?
Frames can make navigating a site much easier. If
the main links to the site are located in a frame that appears at the top or
along the edge of the browser, the content for those links can be displayed in
the remainder of the browser window.
50) What happens if
the number of values in the rows or cols attribute doesn’t add up to 100
percent?
The browser sizes the frames relative to the total
sum of the values. If the cols attribute is set to 100%, 200%, the browser
displays two vertical frames with the second being twice as big as the first.
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